A disease like gastritis is becoming more common these days. The most important condition for a speedy recovery is a diet for gastritis, which consists of eating foods that are delicate for the gastric mucosa and following certain dietary rules. Why it is necessary to adhere to a diet, what is the risk of non-compliance and what the consequences will be, we will find out in this article.
Why is it necessary to follow a diet with gastritis of the stomach?
No medicine can completely cure gastritis (acute or chronic). At the moment, pharmacies offer a wide variety of drugs for gastritis, but all of them can only eliminate the symptoms of the disease (pain and cramps in the stomach, heartburn, irritated stools, belching) and not undergo a full course of treatment . Without a diet, drugs will not be able to produce the expected results and will be a waste of money.
General rules
The basic principle of a diet for inflammation of the gastric mucosa is to maintain a rational diet, which helps ensure adequate digestion. The menu for gastritis (both with high and low acidity) implies the use of a certain daily content of nutrients: from 90 to 100 g of proteins and fats, from 400 to 420 g of carbohydrates. In this case, the caloric content must not exceed 3000. The liquids to drink must be at least 2 liters per day.
The diet for gastritis should be serious, but at the same time the recipes for meals must include nutritious foods that do not irritate the stomach walls. Food should be eaten crushed, sufficiently well boiled or steamed. You should eat often, food intake should be moderate. Do not indulge in contrasting dishes - there are cold dishes separately from hot ones. It is forbidden to eat at night, since at night the stomach is obliged to rest, like every single human organ.
Diet and gastritis
hyperacid
This type of gastritis is accompanied by an increase in the secretion of gastric juice. For him, the first on the list was specially selected - diet number 1, the main purpose of which is to protect and protect the gastric mucosa from external stimuli. Therefore, the basis of rational digestion includes foods that reduce acidity. The diet suggests eating the following foods:
- milk porridge (semolina, oatmeal, rice);
- vegetable puree;
- skim milk and dairy products;
- steamed egg omelette;
- lean meats (rabbit, turkey);
- fish of low-fat varieties (hake, cod, flounder, etc. ).
The menu for the disease should consist of such vegetables: boiled potatoes, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin. All diet recipes include boiled, steamed and mashed vegetable dishes. From fruits, preference should be given to non-acidic fruit varieties: avocado, mango, sweet apples. You should eat sweet berries: strawberries, raspberries, cherries and melons (watermelon and melon).
It is very useful to drink a glass of milk in the morning and in the evening. The inclusion of animal and vegetable oils in the meal will have a positive effect on the stomach and help eliminate painful symptoms. With gastritis, it is forbidden to eat such dishes that cause excessive secretion of gastric juice. These include:
- fried, salty, spicy foods;
- sauces;
- black bread;
- fresh pastries of butter dough;
- canned products;
- black coffee and tea.
The diet for patients with gastritis categorically prohibits the intake of alcohol, beer, sweet soda.
hypoacid
With diffuse and erosive gastritis, there is a decrease in the acidity of the stomach. It is necessary to eat easily digestible food that does not irritate the stomach walls. Examples of permitted foods are: stale bread; cereals, the most useful of which will be oatmeal, buckwheat, rice porridge (especially for breakfast). For hypoacid gastritis, many fruits can be crushed or grated. Citrus fruits are allowed in moderation. The compote of berries is also useful.
Meat is preferable to eat lean varieties: chicken, turkey, young veal; fish - hake, cod, flounder (exclude only fatty varieties). You can cook hated meat and fish broths. Low-fat dairy products and yogurt desserts are allowed. From flour, it is worth giving up fatty muffins and cookies. Black tea is prohibited, but you can afford to drink kvass, beer, black coffee. Smoked meats and salty and spicy dishes are prohibited for use in food.
An approximate diet for patients with gastritis with low stomach acid is not as tough as with a high acidity ailment, and sometimes, in the absence of exacerbations, also involves the use of fried foods, pickled vegetables.
Types of diets and their characteristics
Treatment for gastritis patients with diet number 1
It is indicated for gastric ulcers, with superficial, diffuse and erosive gastritis. Food is cooked boiled or steamed, not minced. Eliminate foods that contribute to excessive gastric acid secretion. The diet for gastritis sufferers is aimed at treating the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract, healing ulcers and erosions, and normalizing the stomach. You need to eat 5-6 times a day, with 2-hour breaks between feedings and eat in small portions.
Diet number one has two modifications: number 1a and number 1b. Diet 1a has the following principle: meals are prepared in liquid, mashed or mashed form.It is recommended to eat very often - 6-7 times a day, while vegetables, fruits and baked goods cannot be eaten.Such a strict diet is prescribed to patients with diffuse and erosive gastritis, as well as in the first week of the postoperative period. Diet table number 1b contains the same principles as the diet, but differs only in the composition of substances (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) and nutritional value. It is prescribed at the end of the treatment course using table 1a.
Diet number 2 and gastritis
A therapeutic diet is indicated for superficial, chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, enteritis and colitis, in the process of recovery. Proper nutrition is aimed at providing the body with nutrients, stimulating the secretory function of the digestive system and normalizing the normal functioning of the digestive tract. With such a diet, it is allowed to cook and eat food in a boiled, stewed, not very fried form.
It is forbidden to use indigestible, irritating to the gastric mucosa, contrasting foods.
Diet number 5 and gastritis
It is a diet indicated not only for superficial gastritis, but also for other diseases: with hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, chronic colitis and inflammation of the gallbladder. Diet food is aimed at providing the body with a complete and high-quality fortified composition, normalizing lipid metabolism and the normal functioning of the digestive tract. Food should be gentle on the stomach, low in animal fat, boiled, steamed or stewed. You need to eat often, 4-5 times a day, eat in small portions.
Principles of nutrition for children and pregnant women
When treating a child's malaise, in order to eliminate unpleasant symptoms, in addition to taking medications, great attention is paid to following the appropriate diet. There are three basic principles of diet therapy for a child: adherence to the diet (timely feeding - at least 4 times a day, with short breaks between them); the quality and correct technology of their preparation (products must be fresh, cooked immediately before the main meal, add salt and flavorings to a minimum); the content of healthy and nutritious meals for the baby in the healing menu.
For pregnant women with a disease such as gastritis, bed rest and a strict diet are recommended.A simple protein diet is shown, eat 5-6 times a day.All foods can be cooked boiled and steamed, it is absolutely forbidden to eat fried foods. The diet for pregnant women prohibits the use of sugary foods, hot spices and salt. The therapeutic effect will be provided by the use of dairy products, steamed egg omelettes, cereals, mineral water and at the same time the rest of the diet food, which is indicated for people with hyperacid and hypoacid forms of the disease.
Approximate diet menu for the day
- Breakfast: steamed omelette, cocoa with milk.
- Second breakfast: fruit yogurt.
- Lunch: Chicken broth, rice porridge and steamed fish pie, composed of berries.
- Afternoon snack: a cheesecake and apple jelly.
- Dinner: a portion of baked potatoes, vinaigrette, chamomile.
- Second dinner: fermented cooked milk and biscuits.
What are the risks of not following the diet?
For people, failure to comply with the diet with a disorder entails the following consequences: pathology of the gastric mucosa, the formation of ulcers and erosions, which will result in a stomach ulcer. In addition, it follows a disruption in the functioning of all organs of the gastrointestinal tract and the development of their ailments. In the worst case, gastritis can lead to the development of stomach cancer. Therefore, to avoid such sad consequences, follow the simple rules of a healing diet and diet, then nothing will threaten your health.